{"id":2881,"date":"2025-10-01T06:19:23","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T06:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webservatory.eu\/?post_type=constellation&p=2881"},"modified":"2025-11-17T07:31:17","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T07:31:17","slug":"antlia","status":"publish","type":"constellation","link":"https:\/\/webservatory.eu\/de\/constellation\/antlia\/","title":{"rendered":"Antlia (Luftpumpe)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Die Luftpumpe (lateinisch Antlia) ist ein unauff\u00e4lliges Sternbild am S\u00fcdhimmel. Aufgrund seiner Lage s\u00fcdlich der Wasserschlange steigt es von S\u00fcdeuropa aus gesehen nur knapp \u00fcber den Horizont. Am Abendhimmel ist es dann in den Monaten Februar bis April am besten sichtbar. Doch d\u00fcrfte das Licht seiner Sterne zumeist durch den Horizontdunst verschluckt werden. Erst s\u00fcdlich des Wendekreises des Krebses steigt das Sternbild gegen Mitternacht h\u00f6her als 30\u00b0 \u00fcber den Horizont. Hellster Stern ist Alpha Antliae (\u03b1 Ant) mit 4,25 mag. Nur drei weitere Sterne \u00fcbersteigen die 5. Helligkeitsklasse (Magnitude). Nachbarsternbilder der Luftpumpe sind \u2013 von Norden aus im Uhrzeigersinn betrachtet \u2013 die Wasserschlange (Hydra), der Kompass (Pyxis), das Segel des Schiffes (Vela) und der Kentaur (Centaurus).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ursprung des Sternbilds Luftpumpe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Die Luftpumpe ist eines von mehreren Kuriosa unter den 88 Sternbildern am irdischen Himmel. Sie geht auf den franz\u00f6sischen Astronomen, Geod\u00e4ten und Mathematiker Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille (1713 \u2013 1762) zur\u00fcck. Lacaille hatte nach Beobachtungen des S\u00fcdhimmels, die er in den Jahren 1751 bis 1753 von Kapstadt in S\u00fcdafrika aus durchf\u00fchrte, einen Katalog mit etwa 10 000 Sternen und einen Sternatlas herausgegeben. Da f\u00fcr den s\u00fcdlichen Himmel keine Sternbilder aus der Antike \u00fcberliefert waren, f\u00fchrte Lacaille selbst 14 neue Sternbilder ein. Dabei ordnete er den meisten die Namen technischer Ger\u00e4te zu. Allen diesen Konstellationen ist gemein, dass sie aus relativ lichtschwachen Sternen bestehen und recht unauff\u00e4llig sind.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Die Luftpumpe: eine bahnbrechende Erfindung des 17. Jahrhunderts<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille platzierte die von ihm eingef\u00fchrten Sternbilder Luftpumpe und Kompass (rechts) zwischen die historischen Konstellationen Kentaur, Wasserschlange und Schiff Argo. (Quelle: Johann Elert Bode: Vorstellung der Gestirne auf XXXIV Tafeln, 1782)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Als Vorbilder f\u00fcr seine neuen Konstellationen w\u00e4hlte Lacaille \u2013 ganz Kind des Zeitalters der Aufkl\u00e4rung \u2013 die seiner Meinung nach wichtigsten Werkzeuge und Messger\u00e4te aus Technik, Wissenschaft und Kunst (im Original: \u201eles figures des principeaux instrumens des arts\u201c). Eine dieser technischen Errungenschaften war die Luftpumpe. Deren Erfindung durch Otto von Guericke (1602 \u2013 1686) erm\u00f6glichte es, die Wirkung des Luftdrucks zu erkennen und die Physik der Gase zu entwickeln. Die von Lacaille angefertigte Illustration des Sternbilds Luftpumpe gleicht der \u201epneumatischen Maschine\u201c, die der irische Naturforscher Robert Boyle (1627 \u2013 1692) als Weiterentwicklung der von Guericke erfundenden Kolbenluftpumpe gebaut hatte.<\/p>

Lacaille platzierte das Sternbild an einer unscheinbaren Stelle des Himmels zwischen den Konstellationen Wasserschlange, Kentaur, dem ebenfalls von ihm eingef\u00fchrten Sternbild Kompass (Pyxis) und dem damals noch vollst\u00e4ndigen Schiff Argo. Letzteres zerlegte Lacaille sp\u00e4ter in die Sternbilder Kiel des Schiffes (Carina), Achterschiff (Puppis) und Segel des Schiffes (Vela). Unter der lateinischen Kurzbezeichnung Antlia (eigentlich: antlia pneumatica) nahm die Internationale Astronomische Union (IAU) die Luftpumpe in die Liste der 88 offiziellen Sternbilder auf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2878,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"class_list":["post-2881","constellation","type-constellation","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAntlia (Airpump) - Webservatory<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/webservatory.eu\/de\/constellation\/antlia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Antlia (Airpump) - Webservatory\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Air Pump (Latin Antlia) is an inconspicuous constellation in the southern sky. 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